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Conversion disorder is a diagnostic category used in some psychiatric classification systems. It is sometimes applied to patients who present with neurological symptoms, such as numbness, blindness, paralysis, or fits, which are not consistent with a well-established organic cause, and which cause significant distress. It is thought that these symptoms arise in response to stressful situations affecting a patient's mental health. Conversion disorder is considered a psychiatric disorder in the ''Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders'' fifth edition (DSM-5).〔Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, American Psychiatric Association〕 Formerly known as "hysteria", the concept of conversion disorder came to prominence at the end of the 19th century, when the neurologists Jean-Martin Charcot, Sigmund Freud and psychologist Pierre Janet focused their studies on the subject. Before their studies, people with hysteria were often believed to be malingering.〔Sigmund Freud, "Charcot", In The Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud, Book I〕 The term "conversion" has its origins in Freud's doctrine that anxiety is "converted" into physical symptoms.〔Josef Breuer & Sigmund Freud, "Studies in Hysteria", 1895〕 Though previously thought to have vanished from the west in the 20th century, some research has suggested it is as common as ever.〔Akagi, H. & House, A.O., 2001, The epidemiology of hysterical conversion. In P. Halligan, C. Bass, J. Marshall (Eds.) Hysterical Conversion: clinical and theoretical perspectives (pp. 73–87). Oxford: Oxford University Press.〕 The ICD-10 classifies conversion disorder as a dissociative disorder〔 F44.9〕 while the DSM-IV classifies it as a somatoform disorder. ==Definition== In the DSM-V, Conversion Disorder was put under the heading of 'Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder', alongside the similar condition of Functional Neurological Disorder (FND), which can have identical symptoms but exists with no psychological stressor. Some doctors believe FND to be caused by an issue with the Central Nervous System, however due to limited research, FND remains in the DSM. The diagnostic criteria for Conversion Disorder, as set out in the DSM-V are: A. The patient has ≥1 symptoms of altered voluntary motor or sensory function. B. Clinical findings provide evidence of incompatibility between the symptom and recognised neurological or medical conditions. C. The symptom or deficit is not better explained by another medical or mental disorder. D. The symptom or deficit causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning or warrants medical evaluation. The tenth revision of the World Health Organization's International Classification of Diseases uses the term "conversion" as an alternative descriptor for the dissociative disorders class of mental and behavioural disorders (i.e. the F44 class), with the explicit suggestion that dissociative and conversion symptoms probably share common psychological mechanisms. In ICD-10, the dissociative () disorders class includes 10 disorders that, in addition to specific criteria for each individual disorder, must each meet the following general criteria: * No evidence of a physical disorder that can explain the symptoms that characterize the disorder (but physical disorders may be present that give rise to other symptoms); * Convincing associations in time between the symptoms of the disorder and stressful events, problems or needs.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「conversion disorder」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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